Production Blog
Dan Davidson DTN Agronomist

Friday Oct 30, 2009

Watch Those Temps

In the push to get harvesting done and taking out corn with moisture in the mid to high 20s, remember to watch your drying times and high temperature limits. Corn will be wetter so drying times may double. Don’t make the mistake of increasing temperature to maintain drying capacity because you may scorch and damage the grain. Since the corn will be sitting in the drier long, you probably need to back the plenum temperature down 10 to 20 F to prevent damage.

Continous flow drier on Martin farm in Elkton, Ky.

Ken Hellevang, extension agricultural engineer at North Dakota State University in Fargo said that a wet fall and wet crop creates a number of issues.

First, harvesting higher moisture grain means more difficulty with harvest, more mechanical damage, more foreign material and fines and that affects grain quality and drying capacity.

Second, mechanical damage affects drying. "We normally see an increase in test weight when drying. But as mechanical damage increase, increases in test weight will be less."

And third the more aggressive the drying conditions the less the expected increase in test weight.

He explained that in a wet fall, growers might want to increase drying temperature to increase drying capacity, but thismight also damage the grain.

"As we go through the drying process, higher moist content (grain) will be in drier for a longer period of time," said Hellevang. "When drying 21 to 22% corn, you operate (the drier) at 210 to 220 plenum temperatures. When harvesting 25 to 30% (corn), drying at 210 to 220 will increase damage because corn is in drier for longer. (There are) more stress cracks, more broken kernels and end up with scorched kernels."

Hellevang's general recommendation is to reduce drying temperature and to slow down drying to reduce scorching - and not raise them to maintain drying capacity. "Corn is super wet so don’t up the temperature. Remember corn is going to be in the drier a long time. If you normally run (it) through the drier in 1 or 2 hours and now it will take double that. You just can't increase temperature to maintain flow."

"I hear a lot of the guys in North Dakota arereliving their 2008 experience," said Hellevang. "I'm hearing reports of guys backing (temperatures) down to 190 degrees."

Posted at 01:25PM CDT Oct 30, 2009 by Dan Davidson
Comments (5)
Hellevang reminds us that extensive in-field drying is not likely. "We have gotten late enough in the year so that the amount of field drying is minimal. October has temps in 50 to 60 F and we lose 2 to 3 pts per week. November is 40 to 50 F and we lose only 1 to 2 pts per week. Weekly rains keep humidity high and cloudy weather keeps field drying to a minimal."
Posted by Daniel Davidson at 03:33PM CDT Oct 30, 2009
what about freeze drying in dec and jan?
Posted by Paul Beiser at 09:40PM CDT Oct 30, 2009
I am also interested in freeze drying. An elevator operator told me how he does it. I have talked to grain experts and they say no advisor will ever reccomend it because of the huge problems that can happen. We would like to freeze dry our outside pile.
Posted by Steve McGrew at 11:40PM CDT Oct 30, 2009
Does some moisture come out when we have a hard freeze over night and thaw during the day?
Posted by Bill Rynda at 07:06AM CST Nov 3, 2009
Bill has great question! My dad has always said that freeze/thaw will make the corn dry down fast as anything this time of year.
Posted by Aaron R. Ritchie at 06:53PM CST Nov 3, 2009
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