Editor's Notebook
Urban C. Lehner Vice President, Editorial

Friday 05/21/10

The White House Organic-Garden Straddle

If you were playing a word-association game and were asked the first thing "Michelle Obama" brings to mind you'd be forgiven if you blurted out, "organic garden."

White House assistant chef Sam Kass explained to members of the North American Agricultural Journalists touring Michelle Obama's White House garden that the point of the garden is to educate children about healthy eating. (DTN photo by Chris Clayton)

Last year, at the first lady's behest, 55 types of fruit and vegetables were planted on 1,100 square feet of White House back yard. The yield was 1,008 pounds of cauliflower, carrots, collard greens, rhubarb and other food, most of which the first family and their guests consumed (a third went to a soup kitchen). The garden, which will expand to 1,500 square feet this year, uses natural fertilizers and pesticides, is weeded by hand and has been described in countless news stories as "organic."

So when members of the North American Agricultural Journalists toured the garden recently with White House assistant chef Sam Kass, we were surprised to learn that organic certification isn't in prospect.

Kass said the first lady is proud of the garden -- it's what everyone wants to talk with her about when she travels the world -- but the point isn't how the garden is grown. Rather, it's what it produces: not just food, but a "platform" for a national conversation about the importance of eating fruits and vegetables.

As part of the first lady's "Let's Move" campaign to encourage healthy eating and physical fitness, she not only talks about the garden but invites schoolchildren to tour it. Some of them, Kass said, have never seen a broccoli stalk or a pea. "What's really powerful about this garden is it shows kids where food comes from."

Put this way, with the emphasis on educating children rather than promoting politically correct agricultural techniques, the garden sounds less threatening to farmers who don't farm organically. Teaching kids to eat their veggies, showing them the link between food and farm -- these are objectives everyone can support.

So why, then, does a Bing search on the terms "Michelle Obama" and "organic garden" produce 40,300 entries?

Journalistic sloppiness, says the blogger who follows first-family food issues most closely. Eddie Gehman Kohan authors the fascinating and much-watched Obama Foodarama (http://obamafoodorama.blogspot.com), which she punningly subtitles "White House Food Initiatives...and Other Bipartisan Bytes of Food Politics." According to Kohan, the White House has never said the garden is certified organic. Journalists jumped to a bum conclusion.

I believe Kohan. I have followed her blog and had a chance to talk with her after she spoke at our North American Agricultural Journalists' meeting. She strikes me as careful about facts. If she says the White House has never said the garden is organic, the White House never said it.

But judging from the 40,300 references, I'd guess the White House hasn't gone out of its way to correct the misimpression, either.

Why should it? Politically, the White House has the best of both worlds. Organic fans believe the White House is with them (and, indeed, the methodology is organic even if the certification isn't) while non-organic farmers receive assurances that the planet's most powerful family isn't pushing organic at their expense.

"To come out and say (organic) is the one and only way, which is how this would be interpreted, doesn't make any sense," Kass told us. "This is not about getting into all that. This is about kids."

Although the garden doesn't use synthetics, "We work with the sun, the soil and the weather," Kass said. "That's what all farmers do, right?"

Does it matter that the White House is trying to please everybody? That's what all politicians do, right?

Problem is, the divide between alternative agriculture and conventional agriculture has turned political. Conventional aggies are lambasting USDA for its "Know Your Farmer, Know Your Food" program, which they see as pro-organic and anti-them -- a perception USDA says is inaccurate. Conventional aggies also pan agricultural secretary Tom Vilsack's emphasis on rural development, which they fear will vie for funding with farm payment programs.

This zero-sum view is understandable, but it isn't how I see the issue. I believe alternative and conventional agriculture can and should peacefully coexist. Vilsack apparently does, too. He supports organic and local, yes, but also biofuels and transgenic crops. He isn't choosing sides; he's for both.

But for partisans, it's "You're either with me or against me," and that attitude seems especially common among alternative-ag types. Many of them view the local, organic approach as akin to a religion, whereas many conventional aggies regard agriculture as a business. A business struggles to compete with a religion on the playing field of public opinion, which is why alternative ag enjoys such a favorable press and why conventional ag feels so besieged. When alternative ag starts to draw support from the government, as it has in this administration, conventional ag feels even more besieged.

So there's a real danger for the White House that its organic-garden straddle will prove too slick by half and contribute to the needless politicization of the issue. The smarter course for this administration -- better policy as well as better politics -- would be to stop telling each side what it wants to hear and instead make clear to both that the government supports and nourishes all of American agriculture.

Posted at 5:46AM CDT 05/21/10 by Urban C Lehner
Comments (7)
Did they mention that the garden cannot be certified as organic due to sewage sludge application on the lawn during the Clinton years? I wonder if they would have certified otherwise. It seemed like that from the early publicity. http://www.dailyfinance.com/story/michelle-obamas-toxic-veggie-nightmare-white-house-organic-gar/19114069/ I do agree that the overall message should be about healthy, affordable food, although I believe that people are responsible for choosing their own diet and taking care of their own health.
Posted by Adam Cook at 10:07AM CDT 05/21/10
The following comment came in by email. It's from Professor Darryl Ray of the Agricultural Policy Analysis Center at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville.Urban, Couldn't agree with you more. Both alternative and traditional agricultures are (or should it be is?) the future as far as I can tell. Neither can eliminate the other so why not accept instead of demonize... Marcia's piece on land investments in Brazil and elsewhere, and the potential land area that can/will come into production, are important stories that US farmers and policy makers need to know about and prepare for. We have been telling the worldwide-land-availability-story in most of the presentations over the last 3 to 5 years. In fact, Marcia was in attendance at a conference of the agricultural bankers portion of ABA in Milwaukee in the Fall of 2007 when that topic was part of my presentation. This topic is important because each time we have a dramatic price rise there is a draconian increase in supply capability and supply quantities that cause misery to crop farmers the following decade. It happened in the 1970s and it is likely to happen now. That is why we have believe that it is not in farmers' best interest to experience crop prices that are 100, 200, or 300 percent above their existing costs of production. It causes an inordinate amount of additional resources to be drawn into agriculture worldwide. Excess capacity results and once the capacity is added, it is used year after year, and only very gradually does/can the productive capacity adjust downward (on its own). Thus, contrary to conventional wisdom, excess capacity problems for crop agriculture are likely not over. In fact, excess capacity may well become more severe and be even more of a worldwide phenomenon than in decades past. (That does not mean that worldwide hunger will be eliminated--that is mostly a different issue.) Farmers need to understand that $2 corn can indeed return. (Of course, it might not too because of circumstances that we cannot foresee.) Policy makers also need to take that possibility into serious consideration. For example neither the traditional DCP programs (because of outdated levels for loan rates and target prices) nor, especially, the ACRE program (because once prices have declined to devastating levels, ACRE only guarantees farmers a fraction of those devastatingly low prices [revenues]) will be adequate. That is why we keep talking about keeping prices within a (reasonably wide) band, having reserves to address the times like the 70s and 2008, and in general better matching supply to demand needs at prices that are within the band. The cost, degree of market disruption, and the hardship to livestock and crop farmers, here and around the world, could be cut dramatically compared to the payments based policy of today--which greatly distorts long-term price signals during low price times like the 1998-2001 period and high prices such as the 70s and beginning in 2008 and therefore ensures future instability. More than I intended to say but I think it is important to consider the question: What if the general consensus about future (reasonably or highly profitable) crop prices is wrong. It has been wrong without exception during similar times over the last 150 years (not to mention Malthus). Thanks for your indulgence and for steering DTN between all the rocks and hard places. All the best, Daryll
Posted by Urban Lehner at 10:13AM CDT 05/21/10
Urban: This is an excellent and thought-provoking piece of journalism. I own and manage seven grain farms here in Ohio and in all instances are using what you call "conventional agriculture." This is a business to me and I recognize it as such. The fact that it is a business has brought me to the point of converting one of my smaller grain farms to an organic produce farm. I am going to be phasing this in over the next few years. Why am I doing this? Well, quite frankly I am beginning to see outstanding opportunities in the organic local produce movement. I see the prices organic produce is bringing and I know that my farmer partners and I can be very, very profitable growing organic produce. In fact, I can see more than"fractionally higher" profits for organic produce than conventional grains. The farm I have chosen for organic produce has good acreage, is both road and market accessible, and has a 15 acre lake on it with a virtually limitless supply of fresh, clean water from local aquifers. Urban, I am experimenting with organic produce not because of some ideological movement, but because it is offering outstanding profit potential. I think the two can coexist quite well. Just like soybeans were unknown in this country prior to the 1950s, organic food production is not well understood by conventional farmers. But once the profits are there and visible, then the suppliers will follow, ideology or not. I do thank you for an excellent narrative on the issues.
Posted by tom vogel at 8:32PM CDT 05/21/10
Urban: Your article hints at the most important issue in agriculture today---and one that we've recklessly neglected in the past that's caused present day troubles. That is the devisiveness across the breadth of agriculture that threatens to weaken it to the point of lost production globally---something that will have tragic consequences for millions of humans in a few short years. Since my USDA service where they were daily available, I watch "clipping services" each week to measure the mood within the industry---and the challenges from the outside. The gap of what we agree on is growing from within; at the same time the issues being posed by those that make a living pointing out the weaknesses in the system are growing exponentially. I can recall my anxiety from 1992 when I left USDA the first time having worked to try to manage the Spotted Owl issue confronting the Forest Service and the logging industry in the Pacific Northwest. If past is prologue, then agriculture would one day face the same challenge. We have. And we are doing a rather poor job of controlling our own "activist patriots" to quit lobbing grenades internally while we're taking so much external fire. In this case, why do we even need to have the organic question brought to the table? It comes unfortunately I suspect from internal to our societal mission of producing food. I would suggest more than likely by those in agriculture that simply don't understand the current fight on our hands. And likely some of it from those closest to the situation in DC---those representing agricultural issues at that level of our function in society. To many of them life in that city is all about the fight. That's what they do on a daily basis, so it's a natural response to make a negative comment when egged on by the journalist looking for a conflict story to put in print. We must stop this internal bloodletting---it will not only continue to hasten the diminishment of meeting world food needs; it's responsible for causing it. As expected, due to the broadening expanded government role in our lives which I personall disagree with, I'm not an Obama enthusiast; but I do applaud the effort of trying to promote the production part of what practically every person does everyday if they can---eat. And to do so in it's simplist form (as simplistic as anything in Washington DC can possibly be)---to grow a few consumable crops on a patch of land and see that they get consumed by people that have really no idea what it takes to produce food. There's a strong message there that we've lamented about in agriculture for several years concerning the lack of consumer understanding of what it takes to grow the product. Now we have an example, albeit it simplistic, and yet we fight internally about even that. This is a symptom of the condition that plagues us in agriculture in our mission to humanity. Perhaps we need to contemplate our navel for a while before we recklessly lob the next grenade at those within the mission? And I would finally mention---neither side (it seems to be more of a 3-D octagon than a sheet of paper) is without blame. So please keep bringing this up; we need more preachers if we are to keep our head above water in the sea of issues that are now flooding our landscape. Jim Moseley Former Deputy Secretary USDA
Posted by Jim Moseley at 8:19AM CDT 05/24/10
Jim: This was an astoundingly informative comment. There is one item I would like to add to your thinking. The organic movement is admittedly weak on the production or supply side. However, it is very, very strong on the demand side. Whether we in agriculture understand it or not, consumers (and remember they are "kings" in a market economy) resoundingly support organically grown food. That is a fact of life. Now, we might not be able to completely fulfill food needs with organic production, but the higher prices and profit potential of organics will ultimately bring new suppliers and new organic technologies into the market, enabling organic production to increase. Jim, my point is that this -- organics are being driven more by the consumer than by the regulator.
Posted by tom vogel at 10:07PM CDT 05/24/10
Thanks, everyone, for these interesting and thought-provoking comments. Here's a comment that came in by email: The USDA is giving 50 thousand dollar grants to those thay want farm organic. It is hard to see why when there has ever been any research that shows organic is any better or safer than conventional grown food. People in USA being mislead by loud mouth chicken littles want to tll every one what to do. Carlton Haynes Mechanicsville Va
Posted by Urban Lehner at 9:21AM CDT 05/25/10
I wonder if the White House garden could be certified as organic considering the fact that it is watered, not from a well, but from the city water supply which has been treated and contains Chlorine and Flourine. I also would like to know what type of fertilizers is used and where they are found that they are organic. Manure is about the only type of organic fertilizer I know of and even much of that on the market should not be called organic since it has been treated to prevent bacterial growth while in transport or storage. I would also like to know who many hours are spent to keep the garden free of weeds. I would be willing to bet it is more than just a few hours a day by a single individual. Now try to do that over a hundred acre field. How many thousands of people would be required to keep a plot that large looking like the Obama garden. I will also be interested in seeing how long it can continue to produce at that level since for years it had been fertilized so heavily to keep the lawn so green and so far has only been using up a lot of the excess fertilizer that was in the soi.
Posted by Dale Paisley at 10:20AM CDT 09/02/10
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